Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common but serious oral health condition that affects the gums and surrounding tissues. It is caused by bacterial infection and inflammation of the gums, leading to various symptoms and complications if left untreated. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options by a gum specialist Dubai is essential for maintaining optimal oral health.
Causes of gum disease:
Gum disease typically begins with the buildup of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth and gums. When plaque is not removed through proper oral hygiene practices such as brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar (calculus), which harbors more bacteria and further irritates the gums. Factors that contribute to the development of gum disease include poor oral hygiene, smoking, genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, certain medications, systemic diseases, and a diet high in sugar and carbohydrates.
Symptoms of gum disease:
The symptoms of gum disease can vary depending on the severity of the condition, but common signs and symptoms may include:
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Bleeding gums, especially during brushing or flossing
- Receding gums or gum recession
- Persistent bad breath (halitosis)
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Changes in the fit of dentures or bridges
- Gum abscesses or pus between the teeth and gums
- Pain or discomfort when chewing
It’s important to note that early-stage gum disease, known as gingivitis, may not cause noticeable symptoms in some cases. However, if left untreated, gingivitis can progress to a more advanced stage of gum disease called periodontitis, which can result in irreversible damage to the gums, bone, and supporting structures of the teeth.
Treatment options for gum disease:
The treatment for gum disease depends on the severity of the condition and may include the following:
Professional dental cleanings: Professional dental cleanings, also known as scaling and root planing, are performed by a dental hygienist or dentist to remove plaque and tartar buildup from the teeth and gums. This helps to eliminate bacteria and reduce inflammation, promoting healing of the gums.
Improved oral hygiene: Practicing good oral hygiene at home is essential for managing gum disease. This includes brushing your teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily to remove plaque and debris from between the teeth, and using an antimicrobial mouthwash to reduce bacteria in the mouth.